LEVEL 5

INDUSTRY STANDARDS LEVELS OF AUTONOMY FOR ROAD VEHICLES

Please use our A-Z INDEX to navigate this site where page links may lead to other sites, or see HOME

HOW SMART IS YOUR ROBOT VEHICLE - There are six levels (1-6) of possible automation for autonomous land vehicles, with L0, being no assistance for a human operator, except perhaps for a SatNAv, to help a person find their way, and a smartphone, for when they get lost, or breakdown..

Level 5 : Full automation

Level 5 is what you’ve been seeing in anticipation movies for many years, such as the Johnny Cabs in Total Recall with Arnold Swarzenegger. It's when you get in your car in the morning, then your steed drives you to your job, while you quietly prepare. The car can move on any type of road and under any conditions since it can adapt to its environment. It's called the "Driver Off" level. One assumes this includes parking.

This level does not include autonomous refuelling at compatible service stations. Nor servicing for when an energy pack has failed on a journey.

Level 0 - No Automation
Level 1 - Driver Assistance
Level 2 - Partial automation
Level 3 - Conditional automation
Level 4 - High automation
Level 5 : Full automation

Level 6 : L5 Fully autonomous AI refuelling

As of 6th June 2021, no car manufacturer has yet reached levels 5 or 6.

At the moment, the only concept that would be capable of servicing fully L5 vehicles would be the proposed SmartNet™ mult-ifuel service stations, where such vehicles will eventually have no human operators to plug-in charge, or fill up with hydrogen from the pumps.

Allied to automatic vending, is PAYD (Pay As You Drive) billing, also seen as a necessary function for autonomous, unmanned, self-driving, robotic vehicles of the future.

LINKS & REFERENCE

https://

SMART SERVICING FOR ROBOTS - Those looking for a future proofed infrastructure for renewably sourced energy for electric robotic vehicles, may want to consider the new breed of self driving passenger cars, taxis, and commercial trucks that will benefit from automated energy vending if they are to be fully autonomous in operation over long distances or for round the clock city duties - most especially unmanned robotic taxis and freight trucks.

This website is provided on a free basis to promote zero emission transport from renewable energy in Europe and Internationally. Copyright © Universal Smart Batteries and Climate Change Trust 2021. Solar Studios, BN271RF, United Kingdom.